1 Timothy 3:2 2It is necessary for an overseer to be above reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach,
Paul now begins his specific instructions to Timothy about choosing leaders in the Ephesian church. It is necessary stresses the importance of Timothy’s task. The list begins with the positive qualities that should mark an overseer.
Above reproach (anepilēmpton) indicates that an overseer should not be open to unmerited criticism. He should have a shining reputation because he has personal integrity and people cannot find fault with him. Blame or shame in that cultural context was a powerful social force, and leaders of the church should avoid it because it would harm the mission.
The husband of one wife is a phrase that can be interpreted in several ways. Polygamy was not common and actually against Roman law. More of the issue was having mistresses or divorcing and remarrying. Paul wants those who lead the church to be examples of committed Christian marriages.
Temperate (nēphalion) refers to being sober and not drunk. Being clear headed is important for leaders so that they can think clearly and make good decisions for the church. Getting drunk can lead to many other problems for people.
Respectable (kosmion) is being honorable and admired. The opposite would be shameful or repulsive. Being respected by others is a powerful way to be salt and light in the world.
Hospitable literally means “love” (philo) “of stranger” (xenon). Both Jews and Christians placed high value on being hospitable. It was important especially for traveling missionaries like Paul and Timothy. The overseers may have been wealthy enough to be householders and able to serve as hosts for such travelers.
Able to teach is the first skill listed. Overseers were the key teachers in the church, which may have been why Paul discouraged women from teaching. Teaching is a great responsibility, and teachers are held at a higher standard than others. Teaching the truth of the gospel was especially important in Ephesus with the threat of false doctrines.
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